Hydrometeorological observations network includes 57 hydrometeorological stations, including hydrometeorological centers, hydrometeorological observatory, hydro-, meteo-, upper-air and avia stations, and environmental monitoring network system.

The main objective of the surface meteorological observations network system is to identify the condition and development of the physical processes in the upper atmosphere and obtain the information to:

• Providing the stakeholders with the meteorological information of the specific observation area;
• Informing the stakeholders about the expected extreme weather events;
• Providing the forecasting divisions with the data necessary for the short and mid-term predictions, and extreme weather events’ early warning notification;
• Compilation and processing of the reliable meteorological data of the region/republic.

Field stations conduct 24-hours meteorological observations, including temperature, humidity and air pressure observations, soil temperature and precipitations study accordingly. Additionally, nebulosity, meteorological distant visibility, wind direction and wind speed, atmosphere and upper-air are constantly studied. Weather current events are forwarded to the head office of the Agency on hydrometeorology through the communication line devices.

Hydrological observation network includes hydrological stations and posts/gauges that subdivided into:

• Conditional/Regime (study of water resources condition, regime and availability);
• Informational (receipt/transfer of the operational and forecasting information);
• Conditional and informational that covers two mentioned above.

More than 50% of the Central Asia’s water resources originate on the territory of Tajikistan, however, in spring, when all the water resources reserves are required to satisfy the vegetation needs, its acute shortage occurs. That causes a great variety of difficulties in water supplying to some regions and districts. The main objectives of the national hydrological activity is to accurately manage the hydrological data, register, forecast and analyze the flow origin and transformation losses, and rationally distribute and use the water resources.

Standard observations over the water height and temperature, glacier mass and snow reserves, water chemical composition, etc. are conducted; lakes’ observations include their flow and changes’ characteristic features regular study.