It is turned obviously actual that global climate changes. This may have potentially adverse impacts almost on all fields of the human life, bearing either natural or social climate-associated risks. In accordance with the output data of the global circulation models (GCM) global warming, intensively stimulating in the future, will, undoubtedly, affect ecological systems, cause ice and glaciers’ melting and world ocean level rising. Moreover, climate change may adversely impact on agriculture productivity in arid regions, therefore causing frequent droughts. Increase of the greenhouse gas emissions in the upper atmosphere are the main factors causing global warming. However, its significant part is challenged by the development of human (anthropogenic) activity, in particularly – through fossil fuel combustion, deforestation and land use changes.

Human-induced greenhouse gas emissions do not directly affect atmosphere, hence, cannot be considered as critical factors to environment. However, their impact on climatic system considerably influence on human health condition, agriculture productivity and frequent occurrence of natural disasters and extreme weather events. In this regard, for the sake of the current and future generations, it is important to adopt urgent and coordinated preventive measures and attempts to limit or reduce greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere and plan adequate adaptation.

Tajikistan ratified United Nations Framework Convention on climate change in 1998, therefore, adopt the obligations as Non-Annex I Party. Currently, there is legislative and institutional basis to act on climate change issues founded in Tajikistan. And the Agency on hydrometeorology of the Republic of Tajikistan acting in close with the National Focal Point on climate change coordinates and regulates activities dealing with climate change problems in Tajikistan, which particularly include:

• Implementation of the projects on climate change;
• Conduction of the systematic observations and analysis of climatic changes occurred within the definite time period in the republic;
• Inventory of greenhouse gas emissions
• Assessment of vulnerability and adaptation of the national economy, natural resources and human health to climate change;
• Improvement of policy to climate change mitigation and greenhouse gas emissions reduction;
• Raising public awareness on global warming and climate change issues;
• Strengthening partnership with representatives of the state organizations, including ministries, departments NGOs, whose activities may contribute to minimization of the greenhouse gas emissions and its adverse impacts on human health and national economy.
• Develop CDM projects in Tajikistan.